[77] According to refugees, pro-TPLF forces used Hitsats as a base for several weeks in November 2020, killing several refugees who wanted to leave the camp to get food and, in one incident, killed nine young Eritrean men in revenge for having lost a battle against the EDF. Obamas legacy is painted as a rosy, revolutionary and absolutely utopic one by the American mainstream media. In 2018, following anti-government protests, Abiy Ahmed took over as PM and introduced reforms Powerful politicians from Tigray, Ethiopia's northernmost state, accused Mr Abiy of trying to. Required fields are marked *. The Oromo and the Amhara felt that they were being, by the Tigray minority under the rule of a TPLF-dominated coalition, which funelled a large share of national resources into the Tigray region. "Tigray has handed over its heavy weapons as part of its commitment to implementing the #Pretoria agreement" that was signed between Ethiopia's government and Tigrayan rebels, Tigray People . Ethiopia is strategically located in the Horn of Africa, which is a gateway to major world shipping flows via the Red Sea and the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean. The war was primarily fought in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia between the Ethiopian federal government and Eritrea on one side, and the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) on the other.. After years of increased tensions and hostilities between the TPLF and the governments of Ethiopia and Eritrea . Military attacks are once again punctuating the ongoing crisis in Ethiopia. The US has been backing the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) insurgents who have been engaged in an armed conflict with the Ethiopian government in the country's northernmost region of Tigray. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed's national security adviser said the government had "accepted this invitation" while the leader of rebel-held . Meanwhile, Eritrean troops still occupy parts of the region, despite calls for . This is why Abiy Ahmed, a man of. "He himself is a member of that group and he is a criminal," army chief of staff General Birhanu Jula said in a televised statement, before calling for him to be removed. [200] He also stated there was a "massive build up of forces on all fronts. Despite the delay, officials in the Tigray region went ahead with regional elections in September 2020. After all, the Yemen war may end any time and it will make sense for the UAE to be in the good books of Addis Ababa as Ethiopia is located in close proximity to wartorn Yemen. Tigrayan guerrilla warfare (November 2020 June 2021), Tigrayan counter-offensive (June November 2021), TDF-OLA joint offensive (October December 2021), Government-allied counter-offensive (November 2021 March 2022), Resurgence of fighting (August November 2022), Second ceasefire (November 2022 present). Post War Ethiopia should ensure its economic interest are not trampled upon, The residents of border districts in Ethiopia and Sudan have come together to make peace a reality, Felix Tshisekedi has sold his country to the very people against whom his army is fighting, Nigeria trashes World Banks false propaganda. [190], On 4 August 2021, some Agew people declared themselves independent from the Amhara Region and formed the Agew Liberation Front (ALF). Fighting broke out in Ethiopia's northern Tigray region in November 2020 after the central government accused Tigrayan fighters of attacking a federal army base and sending forces to the region . [166], Ultimately, the early gains made by the ENDF and EDF against Tigrayan forces did not lead to a decisive defeat of the re-organized and invigorated TDF. Ethnically based massacres are also increasing. With a left-wing nationalist ideology, they vowed to fight for the rights of Tigrayans, a relatively small ethnic group that account for just 5% of the population and had long been marginalized by the central government. [85][86][87], Following the end of the Ethiopian Civil War in 1991, Ethiopia became a dominant-party state under the rule of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), a coalition of four ethnically based parties dominated by the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF). Ethiopia's military yesterday accused the World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus of supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic backing for Tigray state's . AFP. He accused the rebels of attacking. By supporting the war on Tigray, it might be hoping to get the support of Abiy and Isaias for its internal centralization project. [324][323] There were also reports that Tigrayan forces had gang-raped dozens of women and underage girls in at least two towns in the Amhara Region,[325] and girls some as young as 14 were identified as victims of rape in the towns of Chenna and Kobo in August and September 2021. People celebrated in the streets of Mekelle as the TDF took the city. WHO boss Dr Tedros denies supporting Tigray leaders. Shortly after hearing news of the TDF advance, the Ethiopian government declared an immediate unilateral ceasefire across the Tigray Region. Eight Groups Join Tigray Rebels Vowing to Oust Ethiopia's Leader The government calls the new coalition, announced in Washington, a "publicity stunt," as intermediaries try to negotiate a. The comment came from Salih during a. [161] The same month, Somalia's information minister, Osman Abukar Dubbe, confirmed Somali soldiers were training in Eritrea, but denied any of these troops had been sent to Tigray. The Tigray War[b] was an armed conflict that lasted from 3 November 2020[a] to 3 November 2022. Nearly six million people in Ethiopia's northern Tigray region are held hostage, as bargaining chips by warlords in control of the region. [369] In February, pro-government groups called on their supporters in Ethiopia and the diaspora to combat what they called "TPLF fake news" online. Abiy kicked off a military campaign in the Tigray region, known as Operation Law enforcement, andpromised to swiftly defeat the TPLF fighters. [30] After a number of peace and mediation proposals in the intervening years, Ethiopia and the Tigrayan rebel forces agreed to a cessation of hostilities on 2 November, which went into effect the day after;[50] Eritrea was not a party to the agreement, however, and their status has remained unclear. Template:Campaignbox Tigray war. Fears Ethiopia Purging Ethnic Tigrayan Officers From Its Peacekeeping Missions", "Ethiopia: Persistent, credible reports of grave violations in Tigray underscore urgent need for human rights access Bachelet", "Men forced to rape family members in Ethiopia's Tigray region, says UN", "UNFPA Ethiopia Response to the Tigray Crisis - Situation report", "Sexual violence as weapon of war spreads to new regions in Ethiopia", "UN experts detail extensive war crimes amid Tigray conflict", "Ethiopia: Troops and militia rape, abduct women and girls in Tigray conflict new report", "Ethiopia: "I don't know if they realized I was a person": Rape and sexual violence in the conflict in Tigray, Ethiopia", "United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict, Ms. Pramila Patten, urges all parties to prohibit the use of sexual violence and cease hostilities in the Tigray region of Ethiopia", "Tigrayan forces killed civilians, gang-raped dozens: Amnesty", "Tigray rebels gang-raped women and girls in Ethiopia conflict, says Amnesty Int'l", "Tigrayan forces raped women in Ethiopia's Amhara region - Amnesty", "Ethiopia: MSF staff attacked after witnessing killings by soldiers in Tigray", "Three MSF employees killed in Ethiopia's Tigray, aid agency says", "Witnesses: Airstrike in Ethiopia's Tigray kills more than 50", "Ethiopia's Tigray crisis: Four aid workers killed", "Aid worker killed in Tigray as humanitarians are targeted", "Ethiopia: Three MSF staff killed in attack", "Three MSF workers 'brutally murdered' in Ethiopia's Tigray", "Report of the EHRC/OHCHR Joint Investigation into Alleged Violations of International Human Rights, Humanitarian and Refugee Law Committed by all Parties to the Conflict in the Tigray Region of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia", "482 Resolution on the Fact-Finding Mission to the Tigray Region of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia ACHPR/Res. Your email address will not be published. While the US projects TPLF as some sort of a victim, the insurgent group actually enjoyed political power for over two and a half decades as a part of a TPLF-dominated coalition government from 1991. [223] Nevertheless, by the end of the month, the federal government had successfully repelled the incursion towards Addis Ababa, and Tigrayan forces were pushed back to Tigray. [233], Although, the war had not yet fully concluded, on 2 November 2022, the Ethiopian government and Tigrayan leaders signed a peace accord, with the African Union as a mediator, and agreed on "orderly, smooth and coordinated disarmament". [120] Ethiopian elite units were transported to Gherghera base near Asmara, as part of an alleged pact between Prime Minister Abiy and Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki to "strike out of existence the TPLF," according to former Eritrean Minister of Defence Mesfin Hagos. However, if and when it is built, the megadam will help Ethiopia in generating enough. [383][384] By December 2021, the Committee to Protect Journalists described both Ethiopia and Eritrea as the worst "jailers of journalists" in sub-Saharan Africa. The Tigray rebels were due to disarm within 30 days of the accord but are yet to fully disband their fighting force. [207] On the same day, the Amhara regional government declared a state of emergency, which included a region-wide curfew. [182] A TDF offensive starting on 12 July resulted in Tigrayan forces capturing southern Tigray, including the towns of Alamata and Korem. No one talks about the cruel tyranny of the TPLF that existed in Tigray long before this war began. The frequent Emirati cargo flights to Ethiopia make it clear that the United Arab Emirates is not abandoning Ethiopia. [102][103] The TPLF, which had long dominated Ethiopian politics, refused to join this new party. Army spokesman Al-Tahir Abu Haga asserted that the Ethiopian army's accusation of Sudan of supporting the Tigray militants was unfounded. A number of reports have been made alleging that China, Iran, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates were all providing military support for the Ethiopian government via the sale of weaponized drones. The Chinese-made, armed drones bombed Tigrayan artillery and weapons depots. This essentially relates to the geostrategic advantage that, Why US meddling can never succeed in Ethiopia, To put it simply, the Biden administration is desperate. On Friday, even a UN aid plane couldnt. The UAE is also allegedly supplying drones to Ethiopia. In early 2018, after severalyears of frequent anti-government protests from different ethnic groups had seriously damaged the legitimacy of the. "[124], Just before midnight on 3 November 2020, Tigray Special Forces and allied local militia attacked the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) Northern Command headquarters in Mekelle, the Fifth Battalion barracks in Dansha, and other Northern Command bases. Birhanu did not offer any evidence to support his accusations. [283] The victory of Ethiopian forces over Dessie and Kombolcha in December 2021 was partly due to the drones supplied by Ethiopia's allies. [345], On 31 August 2021, USAID's mission director in Ethiopia, Sean Jones said: "We do have proof that several of our warehouses have been looted and completely emptied in the areas, particularly in Amhara, where TPLF soldiers have gone into, I do believe that the TPLF has been very opportunistic," in a televised interview with state broadcaster EBC in Addis Ababa. [307], Ethnic profiling against Tigrayans occurred during the Tigray War, with Ethiopians of Tigrayan ethnicity being put on indefinite leave from Ethiopian Airlines or refused permission to board,[308] prevented from overseas travel,[309] and an "order of identifying ethnic Tigrayans from all government agencies and NGOs" being used by federal police to request a list of ethnic Tigrayans from an office of the World Food Programme. [322], There have been several reported attacks on humanitarian workers, including attacks by Ethiopian government soldiers. Since the start of the conflict, the Ethiopian federal government has strictly controlled access to the Tigray Region, and the UN has said it is frustrated that talks with the Ethiopian government had not yet secured adequate humanitarian access for "food, including ready-to-use therapeutic food for the treatment of child malnutrition, medicines, water, fuel, and other essentials that are running low" said UNICEF. [155] Meanwhile, the continued war prompted regional leaders, including Kenyan President Kenyatta, to voice their concerns and urge peace, while US Secretary of State Blinken met with the AU envoy to Ethiopia, former Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo, to discuss the crisis. Disturbing reports have continued to emerge of widespread abuse of civilians in Ethiopia's Tigray region, nearly six months since conflict erupted, the UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) said on Tuesday. According to the Voice of America, several sources with direct knowledge of the program, including three Somali officials and a foreign diplomat, confirmed to them that Somali troops have been training in neighbouring Eritrea. Today, even Eriteria is supporting Ahmeds war effort against the TPLF. He unseated many Tigrayan officials, charged some with corruptionand introduced a set of political reforms which sidelined the TPLF. Ethiopia's military accused World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on Thursday of supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic backing for Tigray state's dominant . [110][267] Still, negotiations continued onward, and on 2 November, Ethiopia and the TPLF announced that they had signed an agreement for a cessation of hostilities (made effective the next day on 3 November, marking the two-year anniversary of the war);[50] however, Eritrea and other warring parties were not involved in the agreement, leaving their status ambiguous. Both campaigns produced disinformation and misinformation, though the majority of content produced was activist in nature. As per Reuters, Ethiopian forces have carried out aerial bombardment in Tigrays regional capital city of Mekelle for at least four days this week. [84][43] It also inflicted immense economic damage on the region, with the cost of rebuilding alone estimated to be roughly $20 billion. [305], On 4 June 2021, the non-profit Genocide Watch classified the events in Tigray as step 9 of genocide (eradication), as well as step 10 (denial). Ethiopia's military accused World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on Thursday of supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic backing for Tigray state's dominant political party, which is fighting federal forces. rebels. Ethiopian federal and Tigray region officials agreed late Thursday at talks in Nairobi to grant the African Union full access to the region to oversee an end to the two-year . [165] On 18 February, unidentified militiamen ambushed a passenger bus in Adi Mesino, killing six and injuring 10. [208], South of Kombolcha, the OLA claimed to have seized control over Kemise on the A2 Highway which links Mekelle to the Ethiopian capital of Addis Ababa,[61] and later declared they were considering an offensive towards the capital. So, what makes Ethiopia so important that the UAE too decided to defy the US and back Addis Ababa? To this day it is the only region in Ethiopia where no credible opposition discourse is tolerated. Currently, Ethiopia seems to be in a comfortable position. [226] However, in January 2022, the Ethiopian Air Force began launching a bombing campaign in the Tigray Region, killing 108 people, including at least 56 from an airstrike targeting an IDP camp in Dedebit. [371] Pro-government groups used tactics similar to those of pro-Tigray groups to push their narrative of the conflict, though as of 5 February, pro-government campaigns had produced fewer Tweets overall. Mohamed Salem Al Rashedi, the UAE Ambassador to Ethiopia, said, The UAE has a strong relationship with Ethiopia, and this assistance is part of the directives of the UAEs wise leadership to provide humanitarian and development assistance to brotherly and friendly peoples.. [191] The next day, Lalibela was reported to have been seized by Tigrayan forces. The Tigray War has been the subject of numerous reactions and protests worldwide. Other soldiers claimed that the attackers were Amhara Region militias. ", "Expert: No Evidence UAE Drones Are Being Used in Ethiopia's Tigray Conflict", "Somali troops committed atrocities in Tigray as new alliance emerged, survivors say", "Ethiopia Denies Somalia Forces Involved in Fighting in Tigray", "Somalia denies claims its soldiers killed in Tigray war helping ENDF", "Somalia rejects claims hundreds of its soldiers died fighting in Tigray", "Somalia denies involvement in Ethiopia conflict", "Ex-spy chief claims hundreds of Somali soldiers killed in Tigray region", "Destruction in Ethiopia's Tigray Region", "Ethiopia's Tigray crisis: Report says war crimes may have been committed", "Ethiopia's Tigray conflict: Why the rest of the world is worried", "At scene of Ethiopia's new killings, some fight, some flee", "Ethiopia's War Leads to Ethnic Cleansing in Tigray Region, U.S. Report Says", "Blinken: Acts of 'ethnic cleansing' committed in Western Tigray", "US congressman Michael McCaul raises spectre of 'genocide' in Tigray", "Tigray crisis: 'Genocidal war' waged in Ethiopia region, says ex-leader", "Ethiopian patriarch pleads for international help to stop rape and genocide by government troops", "Ethiopia Tigray crisis: Warnings of genocide and famine", "Ethiopian leaders said they would 'wipe out' Tigrayans: EU envoy", "EU envoy: Ethiopian leadership vowed to 'wipe out' Tigrayans", "Ethiopia vowed to wipe out Tigrayan people "for 100 years," EU official says", "Ethiopia rejects U.S. allegations of ethnic cleansing in Tigray", "Ethiopia Airlines accused of ethnic profiling over civil war with Tigray", "Ethnic profiling of Tigrayans heightens tensions in Ethiopia", "Ethiopian police seeking lists of ethnic Tigrayans U.N. report", "Tigrayans 'profiled' in Ethiopia crackdown", "Ethiopia: Ethnic Tigrayans Forcibly Disappeared", "Exclusive: Ethiopia says disarms Tigrayan peacekeepers in Somalia over security", "U.N. Guld stated that 370 of the Somali troops trained by Eritrea were killed in Tigray, and hundreds of others were wounded. [96] One of Abiy's first actions after his election was to initiate a warming of relations with Eritrea, a long-time rival of the TPLF, to end a 20-year long border conflict. Rebels in Tigray said the government in Addis Ababa has launched a "large-scale offensive." . [185] He called on other regions of Ethiopia to mobilise their special forces. [358] By March 2021, Shire had become a major centre for internally displaced people and humanitarian aid distribution. 11 Jan 2023 0. The operation resulted in the killing of more than 50 militants and the injury of more than 70 others. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), all of the functioning hospitals and health centres in Tigray had a lack of medical supplies, drugs, and equipment. [326][327][328], After being subjected to sexual violence, many women become infected with STIs like HIV, who face difficulty getting treatment due to a sense of shame, as well as the collapse of medical infrastructure caused by the war. All sides wished to secure a military victory, but they lacked the ability to do so in the near term, and so they began to prepare for a prolonged conflict. The federal government had warned of "no mercy" if Tigray forces and residents remained intermingled. Last August, Ethiopia rejected Sudan's mediation in the Tigray region crisis, arguing that it was a "biased party" in the armed conflict between the Liberation Front and the Ethiopian Defense forces. [154][53] This retreat was partially caused by the fact that a large portion of the TDF's artillery had been destroyed by air strikes. Aside from Tigrayan rebel forces, he said that much of that area was under the control of the EDF, pursuing their own objectives independent of Ethiopian command. On the other hand, Ethiopia is also getting a lot of support from Russia, which is itself looking to consolidate its position in the Horn of Africa. To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video. Oromo-Amharic parentage won favour with the two majority communities and came to power in 2018. [Ethiopia] is seeking support in the face of the escalating tension with the United States, which rejects the inhumane conditions in the Tigray region." . [335][336], Investigations into the war crimes include the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission (EHRC) and Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) joint investigation,[337] and the ACHPR Tigray investigation by the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (ACHPR). While in Enderta, Abi Adi and Shire, GOAL and IRC reported that 16.6% of children screened had acute malnutrition with 3.5% suffering from severe acute malnutrition. [385], Several proposals for peace negotiations and mediation were made involving some of the main groups involved in the war. "Tigray has handed over its heavy weapons as part of its commitment to implement the Pretoria agreement", signed on November [284], A small group of parents also protested in Mogadishu about what they said was the government's mismanagement of the issue. [285] On 19 January 2021, the Somali government denied the claim that Somali troops had trained in Eritrea and then deployed in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. [310] Tigrayans' houses were arbitrarily searched and Tigrayans' bank accounts suspended. The Ethiopian army accused Sudan of providing support to Tigray fighters who tried to infiltrate from the Mahalla area on the border between the two countries. US Secretary of State Antony Blinken stated that there had been acts of ethnic cleansing in Tigray. Today, the government-affiliated Ethiopian Human Rights Commission said Tigrayan rebels killed scores of civilians in the Amhara region on suspicion of being informants, supporting Abiy's. [255] Amidst the three-front offensive launched by Ethiopia and Eritrea, estimates put the number of Ethiopian casualties at over 90,000 in a single month, while Tigrayan casualties were also deemed incredibly high. [231][232] Though there were initial hopes of finding a peaceful solution to ending the war, the talks soon became characterized by steadily increasing hostilities between the negotiation parties. But Tigrayans managed to turn the tide. On 15 December 2020, four Sudanese soldiers were killed, and 27 others were injured near the EthiopiaSudan border,[275] in what Sudan claimed to be an ambush by Ethiopian forces and militias. [302][303][304] The Ethiopian Government denied the allegations. Vishal Tiwari The Ethiopian army chief has accused the World Health Organisation (WHO) Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus of supporting the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front (TPLF), Tigray state's dominant political party which is fighting the federal troops. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is the biggest symbol of Ethiopias growing ambitions. [97] While this decision was considered a cause of celebration at the time,[98][99] many within the Tigray Region were heavily critical of this, seeing it as a betrayal of those who died in the 19982000 war. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is the biggest symbol of Ethiopias growing ambitions. The Tigray region has been at the epicenter of an ethnic civil war for nearly a year now. [221] This was later confirmed by TPLF spokesman Getachew Reda; however, he claimed this was a strategic withdrawal, which was "part of their plan. [210][211] Authorities in Addis Ababa also told residents to register their weapons in order to fend off the anticipated offensive. The terms of the November 2 peace agreement include disarming rebel forces, restoring federal . eventually led an alliance of militia organizations, the Ethiopian People'sRevolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), that overthrew the Soviet Union-backed regime in 1991. [108] In turn, the TPLF has accused the federal government of accumulating too much power for itself, and that it was engaging in ethnic discrimination of Tigrayans. Rebels surveyed the wreckage of a military plane downed by their forces south of Mekelle, the capital of the Tigray region of northern Ethiopia. Monday December 26, 2022. Strong winds and rains are currently causing uncomfortable weather on the popular vacation island. The UAE reportedly uses a number of front companies for the delivery of weapons to a country in which it is not officially involved. [125][126][47][105] Several people were killed and the TPLF claimed the attack was carried out in self-defence[127][107] or preemptive self-defense. 51 10 January 2021", "Refugees flee Ethiopia's brutal war with tales of atrocities on both sides", "Ethiopia: video of Tigray massacre lifts lid on 'war without photos', "Rape is being used as weapon of war in Ethiopia, say witnesses", "Ethiopia: Tigray on brink of humanitarian disaster, UN says", "Ethiopia: Status of western Tigray to be settled 'by law', "News: Despite data limitation from Tigray, Ministry estimates $1.4 b needed to restore war damaged health facilities across Ethiopia", "Ethiopia's peace may depend on post-conflict plans for Tigray soldiers", "Rise and fall of Ethiopia's TPLF from rebels to rulers and back", "Ethiopia's Hailemariam Desalegn sworn in as prime minister", "Analysis | Why is Ethiopia in upheaval? [156], On 6 May, Ethiopia's House of Peoples Representatives declared the TPLF as a terrorist organization. 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American mainstream media major centre for internally displaced people and humanitarian aid distribution, the megadam help... 3 November 2022 will help Ethiopia in generating enough 358 ] by March 2021, Shire become. Supports HTML5 who is supporting tigray rebels too decided to defy the US and back Addis Ababa has a... Army spokesman Al-Tahir Abu Haga asserted that the UAE reportedly uses a number of front companies the... Obamas legacy is painted as a terrorist organization two majority communities and came to power in 2018,! Special forces hoping to get the support of Abiy and Isaias for its internal project! Currently, Ethiopia 's House of Peoples Representatives declared the TPLF as terrorist... Decided to defy the US and back Addis Ababa JavaScript, and consider to!